Discover the secrets of medicinal leaves! Treat ailments naturally with these time-tested remedies from Caribbean traditions.

20 Medicinal leaves used in Caribbean households: Granny-approved natural remedies

Leaves on trees simply beautify communities in other parts of the world, but in the Caribbean, many of these are medicinal leaves. In Caribbean households, whenever someone in the family sneezes, coughs, has a fever, sore throat, ear infection, throat infection, stomach infection, blister on the knee, flu with body pains, feels restless, has a headache or skin rash, or has high blood sugar, mothers and grandmothers send children to pick certain plants outside to make ‘bush tea’ or a special concoction.

While these natural remedies have been used for many years and approved by grandmothers, it is always wise to seek the advice from a medical doctor before trying the holistic approach. This article deals with 20 common medicinal leaves for treating conditions in Caribbean households.

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20 Caribbean medicinal leaves

1. Wonder of the world

The wonder of the world plant is a staple in Caribbean households for treating a variety of ailments, including infections in the ear and throat, skin sores, minor burns, and insect bites. Its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties are attributed to the presence of bryophyllin and alkaloids, which work to reduce swelling and fight off harmful bacteria. Known for its ability to thrive in harsh conditions, this plant symbolises resilience and healing.

To use, 3-6 fresh leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves are steeped in 1 cup of boiling water to create a soothing tea, often sweetened with sugar or honey, for treating throat infections or calming an upset stomach. For ear infections, the leaves are pounded to extract their juice, which is carefully applied as ear drops.

Skin sores are treated by heating the leaves with a soft candle to create a warm plaster that soothes the affected area. This versatile plant is often hailed as a “doctor in the yard”, offering a natural solution to many common ailments. But it is wise to consult with a medical practitioner before using this naturally remedy.

Wonder of the World: A medicine cabinet in one plant

2. Papaya/paw paw leaves

Papaya leaves are renowned for their healing properties, especially in treating respiratory ailments such as chikungunya, dengue fever, and COVID-19. These leaves are rich in papain, a natural enzyme that aids digestion, along with flavonoids and alkaloids that possess antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immune-boosting effects. They are also known for their ability to improve platelet counts, making them invaluable for treating dengue fever.

One common method is boiling 1 small leaf per 2 cups of water to prepare a decoction, which can be consumed warm to reduce fever and ease respiratory distress. The slightly bitter taste is often offset by adding honey or lemon.

Another method of using papaya leaves involves juicing about 5 small leaves to produce a 2-ounce shot of concentrated liquid, consumed daily for 3 days. This juice is thought to strengthen the immune system and combat infections effectively. Consulting a healthcare professional is crucial to avoid any adverse reactions.

Paw Paw: 15 Amazing uses and benefits of fruit and leaves

3. Soursop leaves

Soursop leaves are highly prized in Caribbean medicine for their ability to treat insomnia, reduce stress, and combat certain cancers. These leaves contain acetogenins, powerful compounds with anti-cancer properties, along with antioxidants that neutralise free radicals and reduce oxidative stress. They also have mild sedative effects, making them an effective natural remedy for sleeplessness and anxiety.

To use, 3-6 fresh leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves are steeped in 1 cup of hot water to create a calming tea often sweetened with honey for added flavour. This tea is consumed at night to promote relaxation and a restful sleep.

Additionally, soursop leaves can be boiled and the resulting liquid applied as a compress to relieve localised pain and inflammation. Some traditional practices also involve using soursop leaf tea as a natural remedy for digestive discomfort and fever. It is advisable to use soursop leaves for medicinal purposes under a doctor’s supervision.

Soursop: The ultimate guide to nutrition, health benefits and delicious recipes

4. Chandelier bush

The chandelier bush is a trusted herbal remedy for colds, flu, congestion, and persistent coughs. This plant is packed with tannins and essential oils that provide antimicrobial and expectorant properties, making it effective in clearing mucus and relieving respiratory discomfort. It is also believed to strengthen the immune system and prevent recurring illnesses.

In traditional usage, approximately 20 leaves are pounded with a mortar and pestle, and the resulting tablespoon of liquid is mixed with a pinch of salt and consumed in small amounts. For those who prefer a milder remedy, 3-6 fresh leaves can be steeped in 1 cup of hot water to make a soothing tea that alleviates symptoms of colds and flu.

Another effective method involves inhaling the steam from boiling leaves to relieve nasal congestion and open airways. It is advisable to consult with your doctor.

5. Lemon grass/fever grass

Lemon grass, often referred to as fever grass, is a popular remedy for fever, colds, coughs, and digestive discomfort. This aromatic plant is rich in citral and limonene, compounds known for their anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties. Lemon grass is also a natural diuretic, helping to detoxify the body and promote overall well-being.

To prepare lemon grass/fever grass, 3-6 leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves are steeped in 1 cup of boiling water to create a fragrant tea that is both therapeutic and delicious. This tea is often sweetened with honey and consumed to reduce fever and alleviate respiratory issues. Lemon grass tea also serves as a calming beverage to relieve stress and anxiety, making it a multifunctional remedy. Talk to your doctor about using this herb as a natural remedy.

Medicinal leaves: Lemon/fever grass. — *Lemon/fever grass.*

6. Zebapique

Known for its intensely bitter taste, zebapique is a powerhouse of healing properties, particularly in combating persistent flu, bad colds, and hacky coughs. The plant’s medicinal value lies in its quassinoids and alkaloids, which offer antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immune-strengthening benefits.

One traditional preparation involves steeping 2-3 fresh zebapique leaves per 1 cup of puncheon rum, or 6-9 leaves in a 750 ml bottle of puncheon rum, along with other medicinal herbs, such as marijuana, for extended periods ranging from a few months to over a decade. The longer the mixture soaks, the more potent it becomes. A small teaspoon of this concoction is taken as needed to relieve flu symptoms or persistent coughs.

For those who prefer a non-alcoholic option, 3-6 fresh zebapique leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves can be steeped in 1 cup of hot water to make a tea that, while bitter, provides powerful relief. Consult with your doctor before using this natural remedy.

Zebapique a bitter leaf and ultimate remedy

7. Carillie bush

Carillie bush is a versatile plant used to treat skin rashes, womb-related issues, and general detoxification. The leaves are rich in tannins and antioxidants, which help to soothe irritated skin, balance hormones, and cleanse the body. This plant is often recommended for women dealing with menstrual irregularities or postpartum healing.

For a bath, a bundle of carillie bush inclusive of vine and flowers are steeped in hot water and left to cool before being used as a loofah, where they are rubbed directly onto the skin to alleviate rashes and irritation. For womb-related concerns, the leaves are pounded, wrapped in a cloth to form a small plug, and gently inserted vaginally for a 30 minutes.

Additionally, carillie bush tea, prepared by steeping 3-6 fresh leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves in 1 cup of hot water, is consumed to cleanse the body and address internal imbalances. It is advisable to talk to your medical practitioner before using this holistic approach.

Medicinal leaves: Carillie bush. — *Carillie bush.*

8. Shining bush

The shining bush is a trusted remedy for colds, flu, coughs, and fevers. This plant contains flavonoids and saponins, which work together to reduce inflammation, boost immunity, and fight infections. Its soothing properties make it a favourite for treating respiratory ailments.

To use shining bush, 3-6 fresh leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves are commonly steeped in 1 cup of hot water to prepare a tea that is consumed warm to alleviate symptoms of colds and flu. Consult with your doctor before drinking this natural remedy.

Another traditional method involves crushing the leaves to create a poultice, which is applied to the chest or back to relieve congestion. Some households also use the shining bush in herbal baths to cool the body and reduce fever.

Medicinal leaves: Shining bush. — *Shining bush.*

9. Vervain leaves

Vervain leaves are widely recognised for their ability to promote lactation in nursing mothers, though caution is advised due to potential effects on the baby. The plant’s glycosides and alkaloids have calming properties and are believed to enhance milk production while reducing stress.

Beyond its benefits for nursing mothers, vervain tea is also known to treat numerous ailments including kidney stones, insomnia, anxiety, depression, headaches, painful menstruation, digestive dysfunction, upper respiratory tract symptoms, nerve damage, and heart health.

To use vervain, 3-6 fresh leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves are steeped in 1 cup of hot water to create a mild tea that supports relaxation and lactation. This tea is typically consumed in moderation, and a doctor’s guidance is recommended to ensure safety.

Vervain: 23 Uses, benefits and side effects of the incredible plant

10. Lemon bud

Lemon bud leaves are used to treat colds, sinusitis, and congestion. The plant’s essential oils have antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties that effectively clear nasal passages and reduce inflammation.

To use, 3-6 fresh leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves are steeped in boiling water to create a cup of tea that soothes sore throats and alleviates sinus congestion. Inhaling the steam from the tea provides additional relief for blocked nasal passages and stuffy noses. This dual-purpose remedy is a favourite in many Caribbean households for fighting seasonal illnesses. Have a discussion with your doctor about using this natural remedy.

Medicinal leaves: Lemon bud. — *Lemon bud.*

11. Guava leaves

Guava leaves are renowned for their versatility in treating various ailments, including high blood sugar, prediabetes, and diabetes. They are also used to address diarrhoea, stomach cramps, and skin conditions like acne. The leaves contain powerful compounds such as flavonoids, quercetin, and other antioxidants that regulate blood sugar levels, reduce oxidative stress, and combat inflammation.

A popular way to use guava leaves is by steeping 3-6 fresh leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves in 1 cup of hot water to make a tea, often sweetened with honey or sugar to improve taste. This tea is consumed regularly to help manage blood sugar levels, improve digestion, and relieve stomach discomfort.

Additionally, guava leaf extract is sometimes applied directly to the skin to reduce acne or inflammation. Families in the Caribbean have long relied on guava leaves for their broad spectrum of healing properties. It is advisable to talk to your doctor about using this natural remedy.

Medicinal leaves: Guava leaves. — *Guava leaves.*

12. Bacano leaves

Bacano leaves are highly valued for their ability to treat colds, flu, constipation, diabetes, and hypertension. They are also used in hair care to promote healthy growth. These leaves are rich in saponins, alkaloids, and flavonoids, which provide anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting benefits.

To treat common ailments, 1 dried bacano leaf is steeped in 4 cups of boiled water to create a medicinal tea that helps regulate blood pressure, alleviate flu symptoms, and combat digestive discomfort.

For hair care, 4-6 fresh leaves are pounded into a paste, and the juice is extracted using a clean cloth. This juice is applied to the scalp as a natural shampoo to nourish the hair and stimulate growth. This dual-purpose remedy is a staple in Caribbean households, valued for its effectiveness and accessibility. Talk to your doctor about using this natural remedy.

Bacano leaves: Natural remedies for health, hair, and skin

13. Sensitive/Timarie plant

The sensitive plant, also known as Timarie, shame plant, Sweetheart, and Mary Mary Close the Door, is a fascinating plant with medicinal uses that include treating insomnia, anxiety, and minor wounds. Its leaves contain tannins and alkaloids that provide calming, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties.

For relaxation and better sleep, 3-6 fresh leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves are steeped in hot water to create a tea that is consumed before bedtime. This tea is particularly popular among those who struggle with stress or sleeplessness.

The sensitive plant is also used externally by crushing its leaves and applying them directly to minor cuts or abrasions to promote healing and prevent infection. The plant’s natural ability to close its leaves when touched adds a touch of wonder to its medicinal value. Share this information with your doctor for professional advice.

Sensitive plant (Mimosa pudica): Unveiling the medicinal wonders of Timarie, the shame plant

14. Black sage

Black sage is a potent remedy for respiratory ailments, skin infections, and digestive issues. The plant contains essential oils, diterpenes, and tannins, which provide antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and soothing effects. Its versatility makes it a favourite in natural medicine.

To use, 3-6 fresh leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves are steeped in 1 cup of hot water to make a tea that soothes sore throats and relieves coughs. Another traditional method involves burning the leaves and inhaling the aromatic smoke to clear nasal congestion and open airways.

For skin infections, black sage leaves are crushed and applied as a poultice to the affected area. This multi-use plant is a go-to remedy for many families in the Caribbean. Consult with your healthcare provider about using this natural remedy.

Medicinal leaves: Black sage leaves. — *Black sage leaves.*

15. Pepper leaves

Pepper leaves are well-known for their ability to relieve pain, arthritis, and digestive discomfort. These leaves contain capsaicin and other bioactive compounds that reduce inflammation, improve circulation, and soothe muscular aches.

To prepare, 3-6 fresh leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves are steeped in 1 cup of hot water to create a tea that is consumed warm to alleviate stomach pain or bloating. Additionally, crushed pepper leaves can be applied as a poultice to sore joints or muscles to provide relief from arthritis or localised pain.

This simple yet effective remedy highlights the plant’s therapeutic potential. Your medical practitioner should advise you on using this natural remedy.

Medicinal leaves: Bird pepper leaves. — *Bird pepper leaves.*

16. Christmas bush/Jack in the Bush

Christmas bush or Jack in the Bush is a powerful natural remedy, particularly effective against bacterial and fungal infections. It is often used to treat colds, fevers, and skin ailments. The plant’s flavonoids and essential oils provide antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a versatile remedy.

To use, 3-6 fresh leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves are steeped in 1 cup of hot water to make a medicinal tea that is consumed to relieve cold symptoms and reduce fever. For skin infections, the crushed leaves are applied directly to the affected area to speed up healing.

This plant’s ability to combat various illnesses has earned it a place in many Caribbean home gardens. Talk to your medical practitioner for advice on using this natural remedy.

Medicinal leaves: Christmas bush/Jack in the bush. — *Christmas bush/Jack in the bush.*

17. Roucou leaves

Roucou leaves are widely used in Caribbean medicine for treating high blood pressure, wounds, and skin irritations. The leaves are rich in carotenoids and tannins, which provide anti-inflammatory and healing properties.

To manage high blood pressure, 3-6 fresh leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves are boiled to make a tea that is consumed regularly. For cuts and wounds, the juice from crushed roucou leaves is applied directly to the skin to promote healing and prevent infection.

Seek advice from a medical practitioner about using this natural approach. This versatile plant is not only medicinal but also plays a role in food preparation, with its seeds often used for colouring and flavouring.

Medicinal leaves: Roucou leaves. — *Roucou leaves.*

18. Senna leaves/pods

Senna leaves and pods are widely recognised for their potent laxative properties, making them a common remedy for constipation and digestive discomfort. They contain bioactive compounds such as sennosides, which stimulate the muscles of the intestines to promote bowel movements.

Senna is also used to cleanse the colon before medical procedures and to address conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). In Caribbean households, senna is often included in herbal concoctions to detoxify the body and support digestive health.

To use senna, 3-6 fresh leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves or pods are typically steeped in hot water to prepare a tea, consumed in small amounts to alleviate constipation. The pods are milder than the leaves and are often preferred for children or individuals with sensitive stomachs.

It is important to use senna under the supervision of a healthcare professional, as overuse can lead to dependency or irritation of the digestive tract. Some traditional remedies also combine senna with other medicinal leaves, like peppermint or ginger, to enhance its efficacy and counteract its strong taste.

Medicinal leaves: Senna leaves and pods. — *Senna leaves and pods.*

19. Phyllanthus niruri

Phyllanthus niruri, also known as the “stone breaker”, is a powerful remedy for kidney stones, liver issues, and urinary tract infections. It contains lignans, alkaloids, and flavonoids that support kidney and liver health and help prevent the formation of kidney stones.

To use, 3-6 fresh compound leaves or 1-2 tablespoons of dried leaves are boiled to prepare a tea that is consumed regularly to dissolve kidney stones and improve liver function.

For skin conditions, the leaves are crushed and applied as a poultice to the affected area. This plant’s ability to address both internal and external health concerns makes it highly valued in natural medicine. Seek advice from your doctor when using this natural remedy.

Phyllanthus niruri the kidney stones breaker in your backyard

20. Marijuana

Marijuana, also known as cannabis, has been used for centuries to relieve pain, anxiety, and sleep disorders. The plant contains cannabinoids such as THC and CBD, which interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system to provide therapeutic effects.

To use, 1 marijuana leaf is steeped in 1 cup of hot water to make a tea that alleviates pain and promotes relaxation. Some people prefer vaporising the leaves for faster relief, while others use cannabis-infused oils or creams for localised pain management.

In addition to its medicinal benefits, marijuana is also explored for its potential to manage chronic conditions such as arthritis and epilepsy. Consultation with a medical professional is recommended to ensure safe and appropriate usage.

Marijuana plants: What you need to know

Conclusion

Medicinal leaves have long been a cornerstone of Caribbean households, providing natural remedies for a wide range of ailments. While these granny-approved treatments are cherished for their effectiveness, it is crucial to use them responsibly and under the guidance of a medical professional. Incorporating these remedies into your routine with care can promote wellness and connect you to the rich tradition of Caribbean healing practices.

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