Learn about vocational training options that lead to great careers and the chance to be your own boss. Perfect for ambitious high-school graduates.

A practical path: 15 vocational training options for a successful career

For high school graduates, the path to a fulfilling and financially stable career doesn’t always have to go through a traditional college or university. Vocational training provides a practical, direct route to mastering a specific trade or skill set that is in high demand.

These programmes are designed for those who want to enter the workforce with a solid skill base, offering a clear alternative to a four-year degree or immediate, low-paying employment. By focussing on hands-on experience and real-world application, vocational training can lead to rewarding careers and the potential for significant earnings, whether you work for a company or start your own business.

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15 Vocational training options

1. Automotive technology

Automotive technology programmes prepare students to become certified mechanics and technicians. You will learn everything from engine diagnostics to brake repair and vehicle electronics. This field is constantly evolving with the advent of electric and hybrid vehicles. Certification can take anywhere from 1 to 2 years.

As an employee, you can expect a median salary of around US$50,000 annually, while entrepreneurs who own their own garage can earn US$80,000 or more. Large companies in this field include Toyota and Ford, but there are also numerous independent garages and repair shops.

2. Electrical technology

Electrical training courses teach you how to install, maintain, and repair electrical systems in residential, commercial, and industrial settings. You’ll master skills in wiring, circuit theory, and safety protocols. Certification can take between 1 and 2 years.

The median annual salary for an electrician is around US$60,000, while a self-employed electrician can make over US$100,000 annually, depending on the scale of their business. Major companies like Siemens and General Electric are always looking for skilled electricians.

3. Plumbing

Plumbing vocational training teaches you the intricacies of water systems, drainage, and sanitation. This hands-on work is always in demand, from new construction to emergency repairs. Certification can typically be completed in 1 to 2 years.

A plumber can expect a median annual income of about US$55,000, with self-employed plumbers earning upwards of US$90,000 per year. Companies like Roto-Rooter and ARS Rescue Rooter are well-known, but many successful plumbers run their own small businesses.

4. Welding technology

Welding courses provide the skills to join metals using heat, a crucial process in construction, manufacturing, and engineering. You will learn various welding techniques, blueprint reading, and safety. Certification can be obtained in as little as 6 months to 1 year.

The median annual salary for a welder is approximately US$48,000, with highly skilled welders in specialised fields like underwater welding earning much more. As an entrepreneur with your own mobile welding service or fabrication shop, your income could exceed US$70,000 annually. Companies like Caterpillar and General Motors employ a large number of welders.

5. HVAC/R technology

Heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVAC/R) training is essential for maintaining climate control systems in homes and businesses. This is a field with consistent demand. Certification can take between 6 months and 2 years.

HVAC technicians have a median annual salary of around US$52,000, while those who start their own business can easily make US$85,000 or more per year. Companies like Carrier and Lennox are major players in the HVAC industry.

6. Information Technology (IT) support

IT support vocational training teaches you how to troubleshoot computer hardware and software issues, manage networks, and assist users. These skills are essential in every modern industry. Certification can take anywhere from a few months to 1 year.

The median annual salary for an IT support specialist is about US$57,000. As an independent IT consultant, you could earn well over US$90,000 a year. Tech giants like Apple and Microsoft, along with countless smaller companies, require skilled IT professionals.

7. Culinary arts

Culinary arts programmes are for those with a passion for food and cooking. You will learn advanced cooking techniques, kitchen management, and food safety. Certification can be completed in 6 months to 2 years.

The median annual salary for a chef is about US$53,000, but a talented chef who owns their own catering company or restaurant can earn significantly more. Major companies include Darden Restaurants and Yum! Brands, but a strong culinary background can lead to a thriving independent business.

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8. Cosmetology

Cosmetology courses cover hair styling, skincare, makeup artistry, and nail care. This is a creative and social career path with high demand for skilled professionals. Certification typically takes 1 year.

The median annual salary for a cosmetologist is around US$35,000, but a successful cosmetologist who runs their own salon can have a six-figure income. Brands like Ulta Beauty and Aveda are prominent in the industry.

9. Medical assistant

Medical assistants work in clinics and hospitals, assisting physicians with both administrative and clinical tasks. This programme provides a quick entry into the growing healthcare field. Certification can be obtained in 1 to 2 years.

The median annual salary for a medical assistant is around US$42,000. While this is primarily an employee-based role, experienced medical assistants can take on management positions or specialise in certain areas to increase their earnings. Companies in this field include major hospital systems like HCA Healthcare and Kaiser Permanente.

10. Dental assistant

Dental assistant vocational training prepares you to work with dentists, performing tasks like preparing patients, taking X-rays, and sterilising instruments. Certification typically takes 1 year.

The median annual salary for a dental assistant is approximately US$45,000. Like medical assistants, this is an employee-focussed role, but it offers a stable career in a growing field. Dental chains and private practices are the primary employers.

11. Graphic design

Graphic design courses teach you how to create visual content for branding, marketing, and advertising using digital tools. This is a creative career path that can be very lucrative for those with a strong portfolio. Certification can take 1 to 2 years.

The median annual salary for a graphic designer is around US$58,000, with freelance designers earning more than US$100,000 depending on their client base and project type. Companies like Adobe and countless advertising agencies employ graphic designers.

12. Early childhood education

Early childhood education programmes focus on child development and learning activities for young children. This is a rewarding career for those with patience and a passion for shaping young minds. Certification can take 1 to 2 years.

The median annual salary is around US$36,000, with daycare owners having the potential to earn more. Companies like Bright Horizons and KinderCare are large employers in this field.

13. Digital marketing

Digital marketing vocational training focuses on online strategies to promote products and services. You will learn about social media, search engine optimisation, and content creation. Certification can take a few months to 1 year.

The median annual salary for a digital marketing specialist is about US$60,000. As a freelance digital marketer or agency owner, you can earn a high income based on client results, easily exceeding US$100,000. Companies like Google and Meta are at the forefront of this industry.

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14. Web development

Web development courses teach you how to build and maintain websites and web applications. This is a highly sought-after skill with excellent earning potential. Certification can take 6 months to 1 year.

The median annual salary for a web developer is approximately US$80,000. As a freelance web developer, you can earn a very high income by managing multiple projects for different clients. Major tech companies like Amazon and IBM are always hiring web developers.

15. Film and video production

Film and video production programmes teach skills in camera operation, editing, sound design, and post-production. This is a creative field with growing opportunities in advertising, entertainment, and corporate media. Certification can range from 1 to 2 years.

The median annual salary for a film and video editor is around US$65,000. As a freelance videographer or production company owner, you can earn a high income based on project fees. Companies like Netflix and Disney are major players in the entertainment industry.

Conclusion

Choosing a vocational training programme is a smart move for any high school graduate who wants a direct and practical path to a successful career. These programmes provide you with in-demand skills in a short amount of time, giving you the ability to earn a good living and find job satisfaction. Whether you choose to work for a major company or become your own boss, the skills you learn in vocational training are the keys to a prosperous future.

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